Gynaecology

Understanding UTIs in Pregnancy

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common occurrence for many women, and pregnancy can increase your susceptibility. If you’re expecting a little one and experiencing urinary discomfort, you might be wondering if it’s a UTI. At St. Joseph Hospital Kahawa Wendani, we understand the importance of prenatal care and want to equip you with the knowledge to navigate potential health concerns during pregnancy. This blog delves into UTIs in pregnancy, covering symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies.

Why Are UTIs More Common During Pregnancy?

Several factors contribute to an increased risk of UTIs during pregnancy:

Hormonal Changes: Pregnancy hormones relax the muscles in your urinary tract, including the sphincter that controls urine flow. This can allow bacteria to enter the bladder more easily.

Urinary Stasis: As your uterus grows, it puts pressure on your bladder, making it harder to completely empty it. Residual urine creates a breeding ground for bacteria.

Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR): During pregnancy, some women experience VUR, a condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys. This backflow can introduce bacteria into the kidneys, increasing the risk of infection.

Changes in Urine Composition: Pregnancy alters your urine composition, making it more concentrated and containing higher levels of sugar and protein. This can create a more favorable environment for bacterial growth.

Recognizing UTI Symptoms During Pregnancy.

While some UTI symptoms overlap with normal pregnancy discomforts, certain telltale signs can help you identify a potential infection. Here’s what to watch for:

Frequent Urination (Urinary Frequency): You might need to urinate more often than usual, even at night (nocturia).

Pain or Burning During Urination (Dysuria): Urinating may become painful or burning.

Urgent Need to Urinate (Urinary Urgency): You may feel a sudden, strong urge to urinate, even if you haven’t drunk much fluid.

Pelvic Pressure or Discomfort: You might experience a dull ache or pressure in your lower abdomen or pelvis.

Cloudy or Bloody Urine: Your urine may appear cloudy or bloody.

Important Note: Not everyone experiences all these symptoms. If you suspect a UTI, it’s crucial to seek medical attention from your gynecologist for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent complications.

Diagnosis and Treatment of UTIs in Pregnancy.

If you experience UTI symptoms during pregnancy, your gynecologist at St. Joseph Hospital Kahawa Wendani will likely recommend the following:

Urine Test: A simple urine test can detect the presence of white blood cells, bacteria, or blood in your urine, which are indicators of infection.

Urine Culture: In some cases, your doctor may order a urine culture to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection. This helps them choose the most effective antibiotic treatment.

Treatment Options:

Once diagnosed, your doctor will prescribe a course of antibiotics safe for both you and your baby. It’s crucial to complete the entire antibiotic course, even if your symptoms improve quickly. Stopping the medication early can lead to a recurrence of the infection.

Additional Measures:

While antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, certain lifestyle modifications can complement the treatment and potentially reduce the risk of recurrence:

Drink Plenty of Fluids: Increase your fluid intake, especially water, to flush out bacteria from your urinary tract. Aim for eight to ten glasses of water daily.

Empty Your Bladder Completely: When you urinate, try to empty your bladder completely. Don’t ignore the urge to urinate.

Urinate After Sexual Intercourse: Empty your bladder soon after sexual intercourse to prevent bacteria from entering the urethra.

Wipe Front to Back: When using the toilet, always wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from spreading from the rectum to the urethra.

Preventing UTIs During Pregnancy.

Here are some proactive measures you can take to minimize your risk of UTIs during pregnancy:

Maintain Good Hygiene: Practice good personal hygiene, including washing your genital area daily with mild soap and water.

Wear Loose-Fitting Cotton Underwear: Tight-fitting clothing can trap moisture and create a breeding ground for bacteria. Opt for loose-fitting, breathable cotton underwear.

Shower After Swimming: Shower or bathe soon after swimming in pools, hot tubs, or lakes to remove any bacteria.